Discovery 15 / 27
Puschel & Flauschi’s Forest Discoveries
Who Has Been Nibbling Here?
The green explorer’s magnifying glass with a leaf-shaped handle

Beneath a hazel shrub, Puschel found a brown nutshell on the path. One side was open. The kernel was gone. That is the part inside the nut that animals eat.
Puschel“A nut robber! Or the nut built itself a door.”
Flauschi stopped beside him and held the green magnifying glass above the shell. Puschel leaned forwards just a little. The shell stayed on the ground. They saw small notches around the opening.
Flauschi“Some animals use their teeth to open nuts. The little marks they leave are called gnaw marks. Perhaps an animal has been nibbling here.”
Puschel“Then it must have been a squirrel! It even forgot to clear the table.”
Flauschi smiled, but she did not simply agree. Mice and other animals eat hazelnuts too. A squirrel can break a shell open. Small animals such as mice often gnaw an opening. Experts study the shape and lots of little marks.
Flauschi“We did not see the eater. This opening is a clue, not a name tag. A guess means it could have happened that way, but we do not know for sure yet.”
Puschel looked at the empty shell again. This time he did not search for a ready-made answer. He noticed its brown colour, the opening’s shape and the little notches. Flauschi lowered the magnifying glass.
Puschel“My report says: a nut was opened. Who ate here remains unknown today.”
Flauschi thought that sounded like a good explorer’s report. They did not search animal hiding places or take the shell away. Puschel walked on happily. An unsolved mystery could be a proper discovery too.
Look closely
What the two discovered
The kernel of a hazelnut sits inside its hard shell. Different woodland animals eat it. Squirrels, mice and hazel dormice all use hazelnuts for food.
Teeth can leave little notches when an animal opens a nut. These are called gnaw marks. Some animals break the shell; others nibble an opening.
Experts compare an opening’s shape and the marks around its edge to identify its maker. An opening alone is not always enough. Old or damaged shells can be hard to judge.
We say “perhaps” when we are only guessing. We study the shell, eat nothing from it and leave animals in peace. A story or drawing cannot replace a reliable identification.
Explorer’s rule: Leave animals and plants in peace. Just watch and do not damage anything.
Sources for adults: PTES: Dormouse nut hunt guide (PDF)
Keep exploring
Where shall we wusel next?
Choose how to keep exploring: another story or a related activity.
Look for woodland treasures
Take an adult along and choose the printable nature bingo. Leave plants and animal homes untouched.
Start exploring →Keep exploring together
Look closely with nature bingo and woodland games.
Explore woodland games →